The goal of psychotherapy is to encourage self-awareness and self-evaluation in order to enable transformation and facilitate possibilities. It is this process of self-evaluation that is crucial for personal action (McKay, 1987) and is an integral part of psychodynamic therapy (PDT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This essay will critically evaluate cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic theories regarding self-awareness and self-evaluation and explore the ways in which these theories and their understanding of the self can be used within clinical hypnosis. CBT and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy REBT (Ellis, 1955) rely on self-reflection and evaluation in order to be successful. CBT uses the stimulus-response (SR) model (Pavlov, 1903). The reflexive response to the stimulus (Gross, 2005) transforms into stimulus-cognition-response (SCR) (Beck, 1967). This introduces a reflective element, similar to the input-processing-output pattern found in the computational model of the mind (Putman, 1961, 1988; Fodor, 1979). Decision making and rationality (Jones and Pulos, 1993) are used to negotiate knowledge of internal influence. Once this knowledge is perceived, cognitions are evaluated and reevaluated before rational alternatives are generated (Ellis, 1962). Thus introducing the possibility of transformation. CBT is more effective for anxiety disorders (Beck et al 1985; Schoenberger et al, 1997; Brown 2007) and eating disorders (Baker and Nash, 1987; Griffiths et al, 1996). Meta-analysis also supports the use of CBT for depression (Gaffan, Tsaosis, Kemp-Wheeler, 1995; Butter & Beck, 2000). However, while some studies suggest that CBT is more effective when used alone, i.e. without medication (Marks, Swinson, Basoglu, Kuch, N...... middle of article ......in hypnotherapeutic practice Freud's regression technique is usefully used in hypnosis in order to gain understanding or recognize the source of a problem, for example the child's inner work, the countdown Additionally, Freud's concept of trauma fixation which relates to psychosexual stages can be used to indicate the root cause of habitual behaviors, for example oral re-education: eating, oral aggression regarding nail biting. , anal retention regarding OCD That said, it is important to recognize the flaws in Freud's research First, his sample is not universally representative Second, culture and time make the theories less. comes from a personal perspective and is therefore not empirically sound. It could also be argued that there is too much emphasis on sexuality which is at the root of psychological and behavioral problems..