While all societies recognize that children are different from adults, the way in which they are different changes, both from one generation to the next and from one generation to the next. one culture to another. “The essence of childhood studies is that childhood is a social and cultural phenomenon” (James, 1998). It is obvious that there are in fact several childhoods. A unifying theme in childhood studies is that childhood is a social construct whose purpose is to explore key implications for future outcomes and adulthood. Recognition of childhood as a social construct guides thematic exploration toward a better understanding of multiple childhoods, particularly the differences that influence individual perception and experience of childhood. Childhood is socially constructed according to parenting style by the ability of parents to create a secure parent-child relationship, to adopt loving attitudes towards the child through acceptance in a prepared environment, promoting healthy development which results in major evidence-based impacts on the childhood experience as well as for the child's resilience and ability to overcome any adversity in the environment to achieve positive future outcomes and success. In How Children Succeed, Paul Tough attempts to unravel what he identifies as "some of life's most pervasive mysteries." : Who succeeds and who fails? Why do some children flourish while others lose their way? And what can each of us do to steer a child – or an entire generation of children – away from failure and success? (Hard, 2012). Children are born into environments with varied circumstances, good and bad, which influence their development. Through direct meetings with researchers, educators and children from different backgrounds, Paul Tough addresses his questions e.g....... middle of article......//www.jrf.org.uk /sites/files/jrf /parenting-resilience-children.pdf.James, A. (1998). From the child's point of view: Issues in the social construction of childhood. Biosocial Perspectives on Children, Ages 45-65. Miller-Lewis, Lauren R., Amelia K. Searle, Michael G. Sawyer, Peter A. Baghurst, and Darren Hedley. “Resource factors for mental health resilience in early childhood: an analysis with multiple methodologies.” Child and adolescent mental health7.6 (2013): n. page. Online. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3598384/.Solomon, Andrew. FAR FROM THE TREE: Parents, children and the search for identity. First bound edition of Scribner, November 2012, ed. New York: Scribner, 2012. Print. Tough, Paul. How Children Succeed: Courage, Curiosity, and the Hidden Power of Character. First edition from Mariner Books 2013 ed. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 2012. Print.