School Improvement by Design: Lessons from a Study of Comprehensive School Reform ProgramsThe Consortium for Policy Research in Education (2009) conducted a study on school improvement teaching for which he evaluated three comprehensive school improvement programs. These programs were the Accelerated Schools Project (ASP), America's Choice (AC), and Success for All (SFA). For this program evaluation study, the author followed the logic model. This study included a sample of 115 elementary schools (31 AC schools, 30 SFA schools, 28 ASP schools, and 26 comparable schools) located in 17 different states (Rowan et al., 2009, p.17). Three areas of focus were applied to all programs: the nature of the problem addressed, the nature of the program itself, and the social context in which the program was implemented. The objectives of the three programs were to improve organization and teaching and therefore student success. The path each of these programs took to achieve the goals was different. Any school improvement program will fail if the program to be launched is significantly different from the approaches already in place. The success of a program also depends on the ability to implement it. Comprehensive school improvement plans include strong teaching and aggressive implementation, and both must increase student achievement. (Rowan, Correnti, Miller, Camburn, 2009). Accelerated Schools Project The Accelerated Schools Project (ASP) attempted to improve the school through big changes rather than focusing on a single academic area. This program, through staff development, attempted to "define powerful learning as constructivist in nature, with emphasis on the middle of the article......l Teacher Effects on Students' Academic Achievement future students. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Center for Value-Added Research and Evaluation. Schmoker, M. (2006). Results now: How we can achieve unprecedented improvements in teaching and learning. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Program Development. Schneider, F. J. (2007). Pedagogical collaboration with education majors. Community College Enterprise, 13(2), 7-25. Stanfield, A.M. (2008). Professional learning communities: A case study of Title I middle school educators' perceptions and student success. North Central University. ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, http://search.proquest.com/docview 304817896?accountid=34899The Iowa Professional Development Model Guide to Leading Professional Development in a Secondary School. (August 2006), Iowa Department of Education. Des Moines, IA.