Attachment and Substance AbuseParental attachment, defined as a persevering emotional bond and involved interaction between parent and child, has not been the subject of critical studies regarding the development of substance use disorders (SUDs) (Zhai, Kirisci, Tarter, & Ridenour, 2014). A likely reason for this is the fact that attachment is usually established by the age of two and the manifestation of SUDs often appears almost two decades later (Zhai et al., 2014). Therefore, long-term documentation is needed to track the influence of the parent-child bond on SUDs and their etiology (Lander, Howsare, & Byrne, 2013). Additionally, several factors arise during the developmental period and impact the quality of the parent-child relationship, including the parent's fluctuating life circumstances (e.g., divorce, job loss, illness, disorder psychiatric) and the child. (e.g. school, friendships) (Zhai et al., 2014; Lander et al. 2013). According to Thorberg et al. (2011), up to fifty percent of people with alcohol use disorder (AUD) also have alexithymia, a personality construct thought to be linked to attachment difficulties. Research on alexithymia notes significant positive associations between alexithymia, difficulty identifying feelings (DIF), difficulty describing feelings (DDF), and alcohol problems (Thorberg et al., 2011). People with alcohol dependence and alexithymia report an increased incidence of suicidal ideation, increased periods of alcohol abuse, and more alcohol-related complications compared to those with alcohol dependence. alcohol alone (Thorberg et al., 2011). According to Fowler, Groat, and Ulanday (2013), the current findings suggest that anxious concerns occupy the middle section of substance abuse treatment services. (2006) DASIS Series: S‐30, DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 06‐4139, Rockville, MD. Thorberg, Arne, Young, Ross, Sullivan, Karen A., Lyvers, Michael, Connor, Jason P. and Feeney, Gerald FX (2011). Alexithymia, craving and attachment in a population that drinks heavily. Addictive Behaviors, 36(4), 427-430. Wedekind, D., Bandelow, B., Heitmann, S., Havemann-Reinecke, U., Engel, RK and Huether, G. (2013). Attachment style, anxiety management, and personality styles in drug-withdrawn inpatients. Drug Treatment Prevention Policy, 8(1),Zhai, WZ, Kirisci, L., Tarter, ER and Ridenour, AT (2014). Psychological dysregulation during adolescence mediates the association between parent-child attachment in childhood and substance use disorders in adulthood. America's Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse, 40(1), 67-74.