Chapter-2Literature ReviewMotivation: Motivation is the reason(s) for engaging in a particular behavior as studied in economics, psychology and in neuropsychology. These reasons may include basic needs such as food or desired object, hobbies, goal, state of being or ideal. The motivation for behavior can also be attributed to less apparent reasons such as altruism or morality. Motivation refers to the initiation, direction, intensity and persistence of human behavior. Gray and Starke defined motivation as “the result of processes, internal or external to the individual, that generate enthusiasm and perseverance to pursue a certain course of action.” Sayles defined motivation as "the processes that account for the intensity, direction, and persistence of an individual's efforts to achieve a goal." RM Steers and LW Porter proposed that "how behavior starts, is energized, is sustained, is directed, is stopped and what kind of subjective reaction is present in the organization while all this is happening." » Greenberg and Baron define motivation as “the set of processes that arouse, direct and maintain human behavior towards the achievement of a goal. » Halepota defines motivation as “a person's action”. active participation and commitment to achieving prescribed results. Steers proposed that "Never before and, some would say, never since, has so much progress been made in explaining the etiology of work motivation." Young suggested that “motivation can be defined in different ways.” In different ways, depending on who you ask. Ask someone on the street and you might get a response like "that's what motivates us" or "that's what makes us do the things we do." Therefore, motivation is the force within an individual that explains the level, direction...... middle of paper......establishing the emotional connection with the cause of the role is likely to get more productivity.4. Challenge Them When you challenge people, they react with vengeance. Ask people for ideas on how to better serve customers, improve processes in manufacturing companies, or even how to increase their daily response time. Many companies have cross-functional teams to create and launch such challenges and it works really well for them.5. Manage employee stress levels. Hosting conversations with experts and health-related activities (group hikes, weekend walks with colleagues and families, encouraging employees to participate in mass marathons) help bond and de-stress employees. employees. This in turn increases productivity. Wellbeing and productivity has become a key practice area for us due to growing interest from businesses..