The American Civil War, also known as the War Between the States, was a bloody war to end slavery. It all started with eleven states seceding from the Union to form their own nation so they could enslave African Americans. The eleven states formed the Confederate States of America, also known as the Confederacy, under the leadership of their President Jefferson Davis. The Civil War broke out in 1861 as the North wanted to prevent the eleven Southern states from seceding and forming their own nation so they could maintain slavery. However, despite the cold civil war of the 1860s, all efforts to achieve a "new birth of freedom" were in vain. Even though the North was ahead of the South and expected to defeat them in war, they actually lost. By the 1880s, the South had defeated the weakened North and re-enslaved African Americans. After the Civil War, the U.S. government had passed many amendments to secure the rights of African Americans, but all were in vain because the South did not do so. follow them. Document A shows that Amendment XIII, passed in 1865 just after the Civil War, banned the use of slavery in the United States. Document B, Amendment XIV, states that no person or state shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law. It also states that everyone benefits from the same protection of the laws. This amendment was also adopted after the Civil War of 1868. Passed in 1870, Amendment XV (Document C) further expanded the rights of African Americans by giving them the right to vote regardless of their race, color or background. their previous conditions of servitude. Document E was another Northern effort to secure the rights of African Americans. This document is about Force Bills and how they protect the edge...... middle of paper ...... thereby violating the 15th Amendment. All of these laws and bills were Southern efforts to limit freedom to African Americans and so by the 1880s the South was able to defeat the weakened North and re-enslave African Americans. Indeed, the North won the Civil War with many of their advantages, but the lives lost to help African Americans gain freedom were all in vain. All the North's efforts to achieve a "new birth of freedom" proved futile. This was all due to Southerners, who passed laws and bills to limit the freedom and voting rights of African Americans. This included black codes, poll taxes, literacy tests, the grandfather clause, and Jim Crow laws, which stipulated “separate but equal.” By the 1880s, the South had defeated the North's weakened efforts to aid African Americans and had re-enslaved African Americans..