Thinking historically while conducting counterinsurgency in the 21st century raises questions about how to develop political and strategic plans. This bibliographical essay will examine the political and military aspect of counter-insurgency by the 20th century theorists of Galula, “Theory and Practice of Counter-Insurgency War” and Trinquier, “Theory and Practice of Counter-Insurgency War ". Strategy in the fight against guerrillas will be discussed by comparing conflicts in battles and ideologies from the past to the present day. Additionally, ways to avoid the universal war mentality in fighting modern-day insurgents will be recommended. David Galula and Roger Trinquier have common roots, they were French citizens and both lived in the 20th century when the study of counterinsurgency theory was beginning to emerge. to focus. Each of these men experienced bitter war conflicts. Galula fought in North Africa, Italy and France. Additionally, Galula fought in irregular wars in China, Greece, Indochina and Algeria. Galula was a lieutenant colonel when he decided to write his now classic book. While Trinquier, a colonial infantry officer, defended the French concession in Shanghai then in Indochina under Japanese occupation where he was held prisoner of war in a Japanese internment camp. After his release from prison, Trinquier continued to serve in Indochina and Algeria. Both men wrote from first-hand experience and published their stories in 1964, as the Cold War raged. The ideology of communism and the theorists of the free world clashed across the globe in a race for domination. Counterinsurgency has been an American strategy since the 1960s, fluctuating in strategic terms...... middle of paper ...... as much information as possible from the population to obtain a service of action of information. Trinquier wanted his police action to be a real operational war which would methodically pursue the enemy organization until it was entirely destroyed. Population control to facilitate counterinsurgency actions was seen by both men as essential. They both agreed that creating a census map to monitor the population would be very helpful. The aim of the census is to cut off, or at least considerably reduce, contacts between the population and the guerrillas. By observing the activities of the population over time, counterinsurgents will become familiar with the population and easily spot unusual behavior. Society could be kept in a somewhat organized mode to feel psychologically safe and thus contribute to the political mentality of the population..