Thanks to the war, women obtained the right to vote. In 1946, the era of multipartyism began. A military junta seized power and governed from 1960 to 1961. In 1961, a new constitution was ratified and elections began. The 1970s were a time of political violence and economic uncertainty. For this reason, in 1980 a second junta was formed, which instituted martial law and abolished all political parties. The second junta was dissolved due to a new constitution, adopted in 1982. Turkey then became a republican parliamentary democracy. Turkey is a republic led by an elected president, similar to our country. Their president is HE Ahmet Necdet Sezer. He is the commander-in-chief of the armed forces, chairs cabinet meetings and is the head of state. The executive branch is composed of the head of state, who is President Ahmet Necdet Sezer; the head of government is Prime Minister Bulent, who represents the majority party or coalition in Parliament. The cabinet is composed of a Council of Ministers appointed by the President. Cabinet members are appointed by the Prime Minister and elected by the President. The President of Turkey is elected by the Grand National Assembly for a term of seven years. All citizens over the age of 20 have the right to vote. The country's legislative power is the Grand National Assembly, which is the Parliament of Türkiye. They have the power to legislate, ratify treaties and declare war. But unlike our Congress, this is a unicameral legislature. This means they only have one legislative chamber. The Grand National Assembly is made up of two chambers, the National Assembly and the Senate. The National Assembly is made up of 450 members elected for a 4-year term by the people. The Senate has 150 members, plus 40 other members who are not elected but appointed for life. Elections were last held on 18 April 1999. The seats held by different parties are subject to change due to defections, the creation of new parties and the ouster or death of sitting MPs from of January 1, 1999. They receive their power from the party. Constitution of 1982. The Assembly is headed by the Prime Minister, Bulent Ecevit. In the Turkish electoral system, parliaments are elected based on the proportion of votes they attract, rather than the number of votes obtained. A party needs 10% of the national vote before it can be a candidate for a seat in Parliament..