Critically discuss the challenges that may be encountered by the new graduate nurse/midwife in any of the following areas within this field:1. Practicing within an evidence-based frameworkAccording to the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Australia (NMBA: 2012, p.6), decision-making within a sound risk management, professional, regulatory and legislative framework is a thoughtful and rational process which allows nurses to work to their full and potential scope of practice. The NMBA establishes policy statements that provide guidance to nurses regarding processes that will help ensure that “safety is not compromised” regarding decision-making regarding nursing practice. According to the NMBA, the fundamental motivation for any decision regarding a care activity is to meet clients' health needs or improve health outcomes. Decisions about activities are made in a planned and careful manner and: “only when there is a justifiable, evidence-based reason to carry out the activity” (NMBA: 2012, p.6). Additionally, the NMBA emphasizes that nursing practice decisions are most effective in a collaborative context of planning, risk management, and evaluation. Thus, employers/organizational managers, other health care workers and nurses work together and share a combined responsibility to design and maintain: environments (including resources, education, policies, assessment and competency assessment) that support safe decisions and competent, evidence-based practice. across the full scope of nursing practice. This NMBA position is also supported by the Australian Nurses Federation (ACHS) Competency Standards for Registered Nurses. As Barnard (2012, p.243) points out, the ACHS Quality Assessment and Improvement (EQ) program...... middle of article...... first 6 months of practice, a finding confirmed by Duchscher (2001) With experience, new nurses discover that they are able to deal with an increasing number of different clinical problems and to develop their confidence after having handled similar situations in an acceptable manner at over time. Their relationships with expert nurses change and they are more likely to become involved. However, they are upset if their judgments differ from those of more experienced nurses (Benner et al. 1996). clients and nursing units With experience, they report greater involvement with clients and families, and a return to the holistic care they had conceptualized as students (Duchscher.). 2001).