Communication is crucial in any relationship, whether it is a personal or impersonal exchange. Since the founding of North America, Euro-American peoples have constantly clashed with the early Americans, without ever attempting to functionally coexist together. After years of misunderstanding between the two civilizations and in a rush to resolve the Indian problem on the Western Plains, the United States felt it was time to act. While some of the public believed that complete physical extermination was the way to go, Captain Richard H. Pratt floated the idea that it would be wiser to "kill the Indian and save the man." Although considered a practical solution in the late 19th century, boarding schools became a tool of cultural genocide targeting Native American children, exposing them to forced assimilation, backbreaking labor, and abuse. In 1824, Secretary of War John C. Calhoun created within the War Department's Bureau of Indian Affairs. Calhoun's intentions for the office were to oversee treaty negotiations, manage Indian schools, and administer Indian commerce, as well as handle all correspondence regarding native people. Once established, the BIA created a strong bond and a sense of hope for peace between the two communities in their early years, but it was not until the mid-1930s that their relations began to collapse . President Andrew Jackson viewed the tribes only as obstacles in the way of the newly discovered American dream, which would expand to the West. The leadership of this movement was led by Manifest Destiny. The Indian Removal Act and other federal legislative initiatives sought to separate Indians from the path of settlement, and by 1840 the U.S. Bureau and Army...... middle of paper... . a link between education and politics. Unlike public schools of the same period that were separate and disconnected from federal power, Indian schools were a place where American politics directly influenced students. Under the direction of the BIA, Indian schools were similar in terms of architecture and landscaping, and all were structured according to a military-style regime (Student Body Assembled). They also all had a common curriculum that involved English, agricultural and manual trades for men and domestic work for women. The purpose of boarding schools therefore went far beyond industrial training, the socialization of gender roles, and even the creation of capitalist desires. The resocialization of Native Americans had to be accomplished through institutions: removal of personal property, loss of control over their own schedule, uniforms, haircuts, and inability to escape organizational rules and policies..