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Essay / Entrepreneurship and the need for success - 580
Risk taking is one of the main dimensions of entrepreneurship. It turns out that entrepreneurs take more risks than managers and employees, so they are willing to mortgage their homes, are unemployed and can work for years without any income (Burns, 2011; Masters and Meier, 1988). According to (Moore & Gergen, 1985), entrepreneurs always take risks and always analyze the situation. Cognitive psychology argues that the ability to take risks is simply limited to one's area of expertise (Sjöberg, 1978, Heath & Tversky, 1991). According to (Heath & Tversky, 1991), entrepreneurs take more risks in the area that interests them and in their expertise and not in areas of which they have little knowledge. But even then, they take more risks than the general population. Studies have shown that there is a deep connection between entrepreneurship and the need to succeed. According to Begley and Boyd (1987), those who founded their own business had a higher need for achievement than non-founders or owner-managers. Furthermore, (Stewart et al., 1998) responded that the need for achievement is higher among entrepreneurs than among business managers and owner-managers. The need for success is generally higher among entrepreneurs than among the general population. This gives them the motivation to move forward and easily achieve their next goal. Entrepreneurs with this tendency are generally good planners, set their goals, always seek information and learn (Miner, 2000). They accept success and failure in their work and this need for success helps them overcome failures, obstacles and setbacks. Another important characteristic it measures is locus of control. It is an ability by which an individual perceives the main underlying causes of events in his or her life. If the individual believes that he has control over outcomes through his own abilities such as attributes, hard work and decision making, then it is called internal locus of control whereas in the case of an external locus of control, the individual believes that he is not doing it. I have no influence on outcomes and believe in external forces such as fate and luck (Rotter 1966). According to (Rotter 1966), individuals who have greater achievement motivation exhibit more characteristics of internal rather than external locus of control. Creativity is a key element of the entrepreneurial process. It is the ability to invent something new or change something (Webster, 1976). According to (Cromie, 2000), creative people have particular characteristics. They find problems very interesting and are not afraid of obstacles; rather they try to find the solution to these problems.