The person who changed history was a guy named Michael Faraday who was an English scientist. It was he who carried out three investigations which seemed very interesting to us. The most important research for us concerns the fields of electromagnetism and electrochemistry. He brought together the three lines of research, matter, light and electricity, which later became known as electromagnetic induction and diamagnetic electrolysis. This brilliant guy started with electrical conduction in liquids, although others had already begun to study electrolysis, but because of his organization and caution. measurements whose laws we know during electrolysis. He also explains that electrolysis is easily understood by referring to the simple atomic theory of matter. The solution he found was that there was a charge attached to each atom, today their charges are called negative and positive ions. Faraday's discoveries showed the world that atoms exist, that electrical charges are somehow associated with atoms, that there are two types of charges (positive and negative), and that electricity is not a constant fluid but a sudden flow. Faraday moved on to electrical conduction in gases. He used a device he had made called a gas discharge tube. This device sealed metal electrodes in a gas-filled tube, then lowered the pressure with a vacuum pump, after which it connected an electrostatic generator. The gas inside the tube began to glow a bright purple color once he turned on the generator. Mainly through this device he made, he was able to assert that an electric discharge was created when current passes through a gas at low pressure. The color of the discharge can be determined by the type of gas present in the middle of the paper. ..... In 1897, Thomson put together all the evidence to finally say that cathode rays are negatively charged particles and that they are much less massive than atoms and that they are also the same when made of different elements. He discovered the electron as we know it today, but the name Thomson gave it was the subatomic particle. An American scientist, Robert Millikan, had done some experiments in 1906. An experiment called Millikan Oil Drop, as we call it today. Millikan observed oil droplets in an electric field. He had discovered that some droplets were positively charged and others negatively, but that all had charges that were integer multiples of a certain minimum charge value. This value found was the fundamental unit of charge, as we call it today. Then we combine the measured e with the measured charge-to-mass ratio to find the mass of the electron..