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Essay / Explaining the origins and ills of society in Second...
Second Treatise of Government by John Locke and Discourse on the Origin of Inequality by Jean-Jacques Rousseau are books written to try to explain the origin of society. Both attempt to explain the evils and inequalities of society and, to some extent, discuss whether man in his natural state is better than man in society. These political science-based theories appear, at first glance, to have nothing in common with J. Hector St. John De Crèvecoeur's Letters from an American Farmer, which are letters written by Crèvecoeur during the colonization of America and the beginning of the American Revolution. , however, upon examination we can see the reflection of Locke's and Rousseau's ideas on things such as human nature, government, and inequality. When he speaks of the nature of man, Crèvecoeur speaks of natural man and man in society. He proclaims: “Evil predominates in both cases; in the first, they often eat each other for lack of food, and in the other, they often starve to death for lack of space. (Crèvecoeur, 608). He does not consider one state better than another; he thinks they both have their drawbacks. On the other hand, both Rousseau and Locke believed that man in his natural state was better. For Rousseau, all of man's needs are met in nature (Rousseau, 47), while in society, man can take more than he needs, which leaves his neighbor incapacitated. For Locke, even though man entered society to enjoy his properties in peace and security (Locke, 69), he believes that living in society has brought about greed as well as governments that rule without the consent of their people. So although authors disagree about what it was like in the state of nature, only Locke really insists that things... middle of paper ......o live in a society where the government was democratic and where the republic had been established much earlier (Rousseau, 31-32). Crèvecoeur's preference for free, democratic government over absolute monarchy can be seen as reflecting the views of Locke and Rousseau. Although it is not a political writing genre, instead offering a sociological perspective in reality, Letters from an American Farmer is quite consistent with having the same opinions and views on key philosophical questions such as inequality, government, and the nature of man as in the books Second Treatise of Government and The Basics of Political Writings. Through Crèvecoeur's writings we see many opinions, such as the greed of man as well as how man is evil in society and nature, which mirror the written opinions and theories of Locke and Rousseau..