Sougarret had to modify his approach during the initial phase whenever the team encountered setbacks. This was due to the nature of the earth at the accident site, emotions, the nature of the accident and the pressure of time. Another leader, the trapped team leader, whose calming influence helped the other trapped miners remain calm and hopeful about the impending rescue (Rashid et al., 2013). The situational approach taken by these leaders helped guide and support the team to rise to the occasion and overcome the crisis (Northouse,