IntroductionCircumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin of the human penis. Male circumcision is one of the first surgical procedures performed in approximately four thousand years. Approximately eighty percent of the world's male population is uncircumcised, and only the remaining twenty percent are circumcised. Among the remaining twenty percent of the male population, circumcision is practiced primarily for religious reasons in Jewish and Islamic cultures. As a result, male circumcision is only practiced widely and nationally in the Muslim world – parts of Asia and Africa – and mostly in Israel. A high rate of circumcision performed for non-religious reasons prevails only in a few non-Islamic and non-Jewish cultures. In North America, more particularly in the United States, the rate of male circumcision reached 80 to 90% between the 1970s and 1990s. According to the CDC – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention –, the national rate of neonatal circumcision in the United States -United States declined considerably in the 2000s; the latest national survey conducted by the NHDS – National Hospital Discharge Survey – shows an average male circumcision rate of less than 50% among American men in the 2000s, with a minimum of 31.4% in 2003. Non-religious male circumcision is rarely practiced in Asia. ; non-neonatal circumcision is only observed in South Korea and the Philippines. Specifically, the Philippines has a long history of circumcision tradition dating back to the arrival of the Spanish in the 16th century. Although Koreans did not historically and religiously practice male circumcision before the Korean War of 1945 or 1950, South Korea is the only country where a high rate of male circumcision is practiced nationally and culturally until today. 'today. Comparing three different... middle of article ...... Whether religious and medical or compulsory factors have little influence on circumcision in Korea, since 60% responded that the reason for circumcision was due to societal customs and the individual. - awareness, 80% of decisions were made by children and most Koreans lacked information about circumcision – societal and cultural reason appears to be the most influential factor for nationwide circumcision in South Korea . Additionally, studies of Korean parents – regardless of gender and age – have a uniform or common perception of circumcision. Careful observation of the prevalence of circumcision in South Korea allows us to conclude that Koreans – whether children or parents – are strongly influenced by societal psychology when making a decision regarding circumcision. Thus, societal pressure is the main cause of circumcision rather than any specific religious and medical reason..