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  • Essay / Moral Reasoning by the Great Philosophers - 1380

    "Moral thinking therefore seems to behave like all other types of thinking. Progress through moral levels and stages is characterized by increasing differentiation and integration, and is therefore the same kind of progress that scientific theory represents. Quoted by Mr. Kohlberg himself developed a series of stages on what he thought about the way in which man develops morally. by Lawrence Kohlberg on the stages of moral development comes from the Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget who was one of the first to systematically study moral reasoning in children Lawrence was also influenced by Socrates, Immanuel Kant and John Rawls. philosophers who preceded Kohlberg and who led him to develop "Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development". According to Kohlberg, although the specific content of moral codes may vary from one culture to another, what really distinguishes them. cultures is only apparent. He believed that humans, with the exception of sociopathic and severely deficient people, possessed an innate potential to develop from early to later stages of moral development. According to Lawrence, “each stage is distinct and reflects a more complex level of moral judgment than that of the preceding stages.” He compares his view of moral development as a kind of “mathematical” solution to conflict. Kohlberg's stages of moral development consist of three levels and within them six stages of development; each is more sufficient than its predecessor to respond to moral difficulties. In his works he was mainly interested in justice. Level One: Pre-Conventional (beginning), which covers the first two stages; the first being punishment and obedience (how can I escape punishment?) and the second ...... middle of paper ...... t-conventional stage. Although Gilligan's "care" perspective and Kohlberg's "justice" perspective are relatively correlated, there are several differences between the two. I wouldn't necessarily say that Gilligan's "care" perspective is weaker because what she primarily accomplished was creating equality between the sexes. The problem was that references to gender in moral reasoning were considered insignificant. Men can be just as emotional as women, just as women can be just as justice-oriented as men. Morality has no gender. From a care perspective, I would add a few key points such as age differences between men and women, as age plays a key role in how we think morally. Additionally, since the justice perspective had a more comprehensive appeal, Gilligan should have focused more on broader issues of equality and not focused on people and relationships..