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  • Essay / The Definition of Justice - 851

    Plato's Republic examines many aspects of the human condition. In this writing, Plato reveals Socrates' feelings as they define how humans function and interact with each other. Socrates examines even more carefully which morality and values ​​that individuals hold are most important. One value examined by Socrates and his colleagues is the principle of justice. Several definitions of justice are given and Socrates analyzes the merit of each. As the group defines justice, they demonstrate how self-interest shapes the progression of their arguments and contributes to the definition of justice. The theme of justice first appears through a conversation between Socrates and Cephalus. The two reflect on their old age, evaluating how they have lived their lives, when Cephalus states that his wealth "prevents him from having to leave life in fear of owing debts to men or sacrifices to the gods ". [331b] This comment leads Socrates to question Cephalus about justice, asking him if he really believed that justice consists simply of telling the truth and returning what one receives. Socrates believes that this definition is too simple, asking whether it is "sometimes right to behave in this way, and sometimes wrong?" [331c] Socrates asks this question: If someone borrowed weapons from a friend and that friend then went crazy, would it be right to return the weapons to that friend? Although Cephalus' definition justifies the return of weapons, the two men conclude that it would not in fact be the right thing to do. Both believe that this statement does not meet the definition of justice. As Cephalus leaves the conversation, Polemarchus continues it. Polemarchus forms his idea of ​​justice by quoting Simonides, ...... middle of article ...... the city defines justice, the group of individuals hope to better understand the subject. After examining justice within the state, Socrates believes that the group should examine justice on an individual basis. It is here that he asserts that “justice, although it seems like a mirage, is actually concerned with internal rather than external activity.” This shows how justice understands its own interest before attempting to engage in external affairs. The arguments of all individuals attempted to define the true meaning of justice. The subject proved to be quite a challenge. Socrates logically refutes each argument and thus slowly forms his own definition of justice. It shows how self-interest influences each definition and the reasons one chooses to be righteous. He thus concludes that justice resides in the soul and the individual..