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  • Essay / Membrane fouling in membrane process - 3271

    For example, extreme pH of wastewater hinders biological performance, affects membrane permeability and reduces service life. The filler usually contains various types of inorganic materials such as Al, Mg, Fe, Ca and Si. These elements have been reported to be present in the cake layer formed on the membrane surface (Lin et al., 2011) . It contributes to a significant impact on the formation and compactness of the cake layer due to its interaction with biopolymer materials (Choo and Lee., 1996). However, these elements could be reduced by pre-treatment of wastewater. This pretreatment includes coagulation, adsorption, ion exchange, filtration, chemical oxidation, (Carrol., 2000) pH correction, etc. (Grundestam and Saddoud et al..,