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  • Essay / Continuous emotional response to audio, visual messages, etc.

    Television messages can be defined as a psychological stimulus (A. Lang, 2000). From this perspective, mediated messages are assumed to be environmental stimuli that possess survival relevance in the form of valence and arousal in their content (A. Lang and Friestad, 1993; Wang and A. Lang, 2006). Therefore, mediated messages automatically activate human motivational systems. By activating the human motivational system, mediated messages influence the human's ongoing emotional experience (A. Lang, 2006a). Television messages are composed of two variously redundant streams of information, one audio and one video (A. Lang, 2000). These information flows are continuous, and audio and video channels convey story, content (including motivational meaning), and structural information (Basil, 1994a; A. Lang, 2000; Thorson, Reeves, & Schleuder, 1985). The visual channel conveys the context in which the story takes place; it may include still images, moving images, text, live action images, animated images, or a combination thereof. The ear canal is used for the script or storyline of a television program; it may also contain natural sound information or sound effects (A. Lang, 2006a; Russell, 2002). Regarding television research under the LC4MP paradigm, the relationship between emotional audiovisual content, emotional experience and cognitive response has been discussed. Studies have proven that viewers have better memory for exciting or negative audiovisual content (Grabe, A. Lang and Zhao, 2003; A. Lang et al., 1996). On the other hand, research also highlights that structural characteristics of audiovisual messages such as rapid montages (A. Lang, Zhou, Schwartz, Bolls, & Potter, 2000) or rapid pacing (A. Lang, Bolls, Pott. ... .. middle of article ...... interactively activate motivational systems and determine emotional experience This study will represent a first to address this important question Because the emotional relevance of mediated messages activates. human motivational systems (A. Lang et al., 2007; A. Lang, Shin, & Lee, 2005), it is important to develop understanding of the influence of various channels or modalities on motivational activation and experience By advancing the understanding of motivational activation, we will contribute to the knowledge of this topic. cognitive processing of information in mediated messages. audiovisual messages depend largely on motivational activation (A. Lang et al., 1999; A. Lang, Dhillon and Dong, 1995; A. Lang et al., 1996; A. Lang, Park, Sanders-Jackson, Wilson and Wang, 2007).