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Essay / How Language Continues to Change - 713
Language, like anything else, is in a state of continuous change. Linguistic change occurs when one generation of speakers produces linguistic expressions that are different from those of previous generations of speakers. With each generation, words are borrowed from other languages, new words are invented, the meaning of words changes, and the pronunciation of some words is altered. The language change process can be slow or fast. However, as changes accumulate over time, the old and new language will vary significantly. For example, symple, an old English word, is replaced by simple. In addition, spechè transforms into speech. Language change is classified into typologies, such as semantic change, sound change, lexical change, spelling change, syntactic change, and other changes that play a role in language change over time . Semantic change, also called drift, progression, or semantic change, is the change in the usage of words, usually to the point that the new meaning is completely different from the old meaning. It is a gradual change from the conventional meaning of words to new meanings. An example of such a change is the word horrible. The conventional meaning of horrible is awesome, but it has gradually evolved to describe an unfavorable quality such as very bad. Semantic change is classified into different typologies. The first traditional typology of semantic change is narrowing/restriction. It is the change in the meaning of a word, whereby it becomes less general and less inclusive. For example: skyline once referred to a horizon, but its meaning is limited to designating a horizon adorned with skyscrapers. Furthermore, the word meat referred to any type of food. However, its meaning gradually narrowed to refer to animal flesh. The second traditional class...... middle of paper ......Another division of semantic change is degeneration/pejoration. This happens when the meaning of a word deteriorates and represents a negative quality. Knave, for example, once meant boy, then the meaning deteriorated to servant and finally to deceitful or contemptible man. The word idiot is a classic example of pejoration. In early Middle English, sely (as the word was spelled) meant happy, happy, blessed. The word then became idiotic and deteriorated into a less favorable meaning of empty-headed, foolish, or foolish. Enhancement, on the other hand, occurs when the meaning of a word elevates and represents a positive quality or something more favorable. The meaning of nice when it first appeared in Middle English was (for people or their actions) foolish, idiotic, ignorant, senseless, absurd. The meaning gradually rose to meanings such as kind, friendly, considerate..