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Essay / Cultural Appropriation - 1113
The specific description of cultural adoption is also not based on a detrimental objective. Appropriation is commonly known as the practice by which a dominant social group appropriates and uses an element of another culture for its own interests (Kulchyski, 1997). However, some aspects of the dominant culture can also be adopted by another group. Thus, more precisely, the act of cultural appropriation can be defined as "[...] the use of the symbols, artifacts, genres, rituals or technologies of one culture by members of another culture […]” (Rogers, 2006). . Furthermore, according to Rogers' definition, four situations can be identified as appropriation: exchange, transculturation, domination and exploitation (2006). Cultural exchange is the ideal situation in which a mutual transfer of cultural elements occurs between groups with similar levels of power. These appropriations result in transculturation which suggests that cultures are combinations of various cultural elements (Rogers, 2006). On the other hand, cultural domination is “the use of elements of a dominant culture by members of a subordinate culture in a context in which the dominant culture has been imposed on the subordinate culture” (Rogers, 2006 ). In other words, domination is exercised when elements of the dominant culture are taken, although it is often imposed on the subordinate culture through the manipulation of social powers. An example of cultural domination is the use of residential schools in Canada in the late 1800s. In these institutions, First Nations children were forced to abandon their culture and adopt the lifestyles of the settlers. Thus, the subordinate group is forced by the dominant group and its social powers to appropriate these elements. Finally, cultural exploitation, even if it causes a negative effect similar to that of cultural domination, is a reversal of domination.