Protein crystallography has become a common analytical method to assist the field of pharmaceutical chemistry. Specific work on proteases that play a key role in the discovery of lead compounds has grown over the past two decades, as the need for co-crystallization of target proteins with small molecules has seen a drastic increase now that their uses in drug design have become fully evident. Work on phosphorus-cleaving and phosphorus-donating enzymes (kinases and phosphatases) has also become an area of ​​current interest as a potential cancer therapy by affecting the energy output of a cancer cell through interruption of the generation of phosphorus. ATP. “The use of protein crystallography has great influence in structure-guided drug design because researchers can help determine the absolute stereochemistry of a compound and modify it if necessary to favor the necessary binding conformation . »3.Co-crystals: pharmaceutical relevance: Co-crystals have emerged in pharmaceutical chemistry as an important and controversial topic. Although there is disagreement over the definition of what is classified as a co-crystal, their importance in pharmaceutical chemistry and X-ray crystallography is noted. Co-crystals are believed to be a crystal structure of two or more components composed of atoms, molecules, or ions. These components form a unique crystal structure and have been shown to be very beneficial in vitro as a medicinal delivery system. Pharmaceutical Advances: Several advances in the design, growth and characterization of cocrystals have increased exponentially over the past few decades. However, it is only in recent years that reference to pharmaceutical chemistry has begun to flourish in the form of the discovery that... middle of article... without all the steps of discovery process. “Such a computational approach that can go hand in hand with major phases of drug discovery such as “hit identification” and “hit-to-lead”; The initial phase involves identifying a list of chemical compounds, called “hits,” that ideally exhibit a certain degree of potency and specificity against the target. While the latter initiates the evaluation of the selected results to identify promising lead molecules before proceeding with large-scale lead optimization”7. As drug design is rapidly transforming into a science of reducing time to discovery and results, a conglomeration of different methods are being brought together to aid in “outcome identification.” The use of bioinformaticians, systems biologists, and computational clustering methods has allowed researchers to validate desired biological targets at a dazzling pace..