Capitalists control the labor of workers, and men control women both economically and biologically. This “double marginality” explains why women in a capitalist society commit fewer crimes than men. Because they are isolated within their families, they have fewer opportunities to engage in elite deviance. Although powerful women and men commit white-collar crimes, the rate of female crime is limited due to the patriarchal nature of the capitalist system. Women are also denied access to male-dominated street crimes. Because male domination renders lower-class women powerless, they are forced to commit less serious, non-violent, self-destructive crimes, such as drug abuse. This powerlessness also increases the likelihood that women will become targets of violence. When lower-class men are excluded from the economic opportunity structure, they attempt to rebuild their self-image through acts of machismo; such acts