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Essay / Pools and rapids in a river: the River Teme
Using results collected during a recent field study at Leigh Creek, suggest the morphological, hydrological and sedimentary differences between the pool and the rapids. Within a river there are areas known as pools and rapids. The pool is a deeper, slow-moving water area, while the river is a shallow, fast-flowing white water area. The rocks are also clearly visible at the threshold, but submerged in the pond. A pool is usually found on a meander while the riffle is normally visible on the straighter areas of the channel, they tend to be located very close together, forming in sequences. The aim of this investigation is to carry out a field investigation at the level of a pit and a sill and to compare the characteristics of these two sites in order to establish the differences. Site Description The river used for the survey is a tributary of the River Teme, and known as The Leigh Brook. The River Teme is a tributary of the River Severn. The study site is within the Knapp and Papermill Reserve, managed by the Worcestershire Wildlife Trust. MethodUsing a tape measure, measure the distance from the top of the right bank to the top of the left bank. Using a dowel, secure the tape measure in this position. Using another measuring tape, place it along the river bed, from the right edge of the water to the left. This gives the measurement of the wetted perimeter. Using a quick level, note the water's edge and the two tops of the banks. Divide the channel by 3 and using a quickset measure the water surface at these points. At these sites, measure the channel bed and water surface 1 m downstream and 1 m upstream. Then divide the channel by 10 and measure at each point the total water bed, the distance across the channel and the velocity. Speed ββis measured...... middle of paper......, Concept Publishing Company, India, page 131Leopold. L. (1953), Downstream Velocity Change in Rivers, American Journal of Science, Vol. 251, pages 606-624Nagle.G, 2000, Advanced Geography, Oxford University Press, Spain, pages 80-82Sear. D. (1996), Sediment transport processes in Pool-Riffle sequences. Surfing on Earth. Process. Reliefs, 21: 241-262.Spellman. F, 2000, The Science of Water: Concepts and Applications, second edition, CRC Press, page 76Richards, KS, 1978. Simulation of flow geometry in a rapids stream. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms 3, 345β354. Thompson et al., 1998, DM Thompson, JM Nelson, EE Wohl, Interactions between swimming pool geometry and hydraulics, Water Resources. Res., Vol 34, pp. 3673-3681Wentworth, CK (1922) A scale of quality and class terms for clastic sediments. Journal of Geology, 30, 377β392.