• BIO-112-IT1-S-14 Subject 7 Module 2 exam - dissertation and dissertation topics...Virus. 1. Why aren't viruses living organisms? Pg325 viruses are not considered living organisms because they have a single viral structure. This means that viruses are not cells because they have no nucleus, organelles, cytoplasm, or genetic material. Having none of these characteristics, viruses cannot be considered a living cell because they do not metabolize, respond to stimuli, or reproduce autonomously. They must infect a living cell by entering the host to reproduce further. Label the parts of a typical virus. Know the function of each part. Pg 324???3. Give examples of viruses that cause disease. P 325Disease-causing viruses have a reservoir in which the virus exists and this is where most symptoms in host animals appear or do not appear. The animal with the reservoir acts as a continuous source of viruses for other host species. Some examples of this reservoir virus that causes illness in humans include avian influenza and West Nile encephalitis, transmitted by wild birds. Rodents carry viruses that cause Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, mosquitoes carry yellow fever, and raccoons carry rabies.4. Describe the general cycle of viral replication.p326General viral replication is like a car assembly factor, it begins with tethers that bind to the surface receptor of viral cells. Then it moves on to penetration, where the viral nucleic acid is released inside the host cell. The next step is synthesis in which the host cell makes viral nucleic acids and proteins. Next comes assembly where new viruses are assembled from newly synthesized coat proteins, enzymes and nucleic acids. Finally, it releases the new viruses from the center of the paper......ion. Bacterial reproduction occurs asexually while most bacteria reproduce by binary fission where a single DNA molecule replicates and both copies attach to the cell. membrane where the membrane begins to grow between the two molecules. Once the bacteria doubles its sides, the cell begins to pinch inward where a cell wall forms between the two molecules, dividing the original cell into two identical daughter cells. Since both daughter cells are identical, they are sensitive to the same type of antibiotics to prevent this from happening. Daughter cells incorporate genetic variation, a process called recombination that can be accomplished by conjugation, transformation, or transduction. They can exchange genes between another bacteria or take up different DNA, most often dead bacterial cells from their environment or be contained by bacteriophages..