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  • Essay / Compare and Contrast Symbolic Interactionism in Sociology

    Functionalists criticize symbolic interactionism because they fail to see the bigger picture that functionalists focus on. For example, a symbolic interactionist would not take into account larger social forces such as racism or gender inequality, which strongly influence how we interpret race and gender. A functionalist examines the behaviors of entire family systems or groups of people, while interactionists examine the behavior of an individual. A functionalist would also criticize that symbolic interactionism is not a unified theory; it is a framework that can support many specific theories. For example, Goffman's dramaturgical theory presents concepts that are more clearly defined in the interactionist perspective, but nonetheless susceptible to deception. A functionalist perspective is common and generally helps predict how something will happen. For example, Talcott Parsons' sex role theory shows everyone's role in the family and the family seems to remain stable. In symbolic interactionism, it is difficult to predict how a person will react or interpret a symbol or behavior. Using these two perspectives, sociologists are able to interpret human behavior from a large group or group.