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Essay / Complementary: The sacred and the profane - 1282
Contrary to common belief, religion is composed of both religious elements (divine respect) and irreligious elements (politics and philosophy). Reciprocally describing Chinese ideals, this complementary blend of religious and irreligious elements alludes to the harmony of opposites without conflict. However, largely interpretative, the Western term "religion" prevents a clear distinction between religion and philosophy when applied to ancient Chinese religion, Confucianism, and Taoism. Although each is equitably different, each sector has politically influenced the education of the other, while continuing to uphold similar goals of perceived harmony. Therefore, this article's analysis of ancient China's Ganying concept, Confucius' concept of social hierarchy, and the Taoist practice of internal and external alchemy reveals progressive religious influence on the state, and considers simultaneously philosophy as a simple accessory of religion. , Ancient Chinese religion served as the premise for political structure and rule. The first divination process involving oracle bones, or turtle shells and ox shoulder bones, introduced the idea of Shang diviners. This recognition of power paved the way for the separation of social classes, giving rise to the elite class and the working class. The elite were considered literate and cultured, comprising the upper class. In opposition, the popular class was that of the lower class, highlighting indigenous values. Illustrating a religious connotation, in a prescriptive way, the primary role of diviners during the divination process gave rise to the importance of ancestral worship and sacrifices. Illustrating the concept of ganying, diviners attempted to provide ancestors with appropriate sacrifices to induce spiritual flourishing - s...... middle of paper ...... and with qi, jing and shen, this alludes to the Taoist. preservation of blood, sperm and respiration. Practitioners preserve these human essences through meditation implemented with fasting and breathing techniques (305). These Taoist exercises then influenced and embellished the practice of taji, boxing, yoga and sexual practices. From China's most primitive state to its cultural flourishing, when describing ancient Chinese religion, Confuscianism, and Daosim, individuals consider these practices as "philosophy." ”, or “way of life”, instead of a religion (105). However, each also embodies an enduring philosophy: different elucidations symbolize a unique and universal truth. Therefore, if religion emphasizes both religious and irreligious aspects and at the same time describes a way of life, it can be argued that philosophy is an additional "interpretation" of religion..