Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory was based on the view that the human personality is composed of three components: the id, the ego and the superego . These three components are arranged in a hierarchical order with the id at the basal end, the ego in the middle, and the superego at the top. The id at its core seeks instant pleasure and fulfillment, motivated by the pleasure principle. The id wants what it wants, when it wants it; whether or not it is possible to satisfy that particular desire or need. The presence or logics of reality or societal behavior have no effect on the id. For example, if an infant is thirsty and sees a bottle of water, he will take the bottle and drink even if it belonged to someone else and it did not. He is motivated by the reality principle in attempting to rationalize the situation and acts accordingly in order to obtain satisfaction while doing so in a socially acceptable manner. The self is “like a man on horseback, who must contain the superior strength of the horse” (Freud, 1923). For example, while at a restaurant, Tom was thirsty but knew the waiter would come back to refill the glass with water, so he waited until then to get a drink, even though he really wanted to drink from the glass. from Mrs. Smith. The superego is omnipresent at the top and acts as a moral compass for the id and ego. McLeod (2008) states that the superego attempts to manage id impulses and convince the ego to think and act toward moralistic goals rather than simply realistic ones and to strive for perfection. There are two aspects of the superego: the ego ideal and conscience. The ego ideal is one's general idea of ​​how to behave in order to be classified as an honest member of society; it includes norms, rules and standards for good. The methods he used to obtain his information and data have raised questions by other scientists. His research on children was lacking, as was his use of empirical studies; his research was dominated by men and also lacked universality. The theory of id, ego and superego develops from birth to childhood, therefore the use of adult case studies and the lack of empirical studies do not seem feasible enough to having developed this theory. First of all, there is no guarantee that these adults' memories of their childhood would be accurate, there was no factual data that could be double-checked, so it lacked reliability and validity. Second, each case and each person's experience is different and therefore cannot be used to determine the development of an entire population. Freud's theory was even more biased because he neglected social and environmental aspects, which prevent universality; he was a European who was researching other upper-middle-class Europeans whose daily lives and circumstances differed greatly from others in