The History of Human Resource ManagementHuman resource management is the strategic and consistent approach to managing an organization's most valuable assets - the people who work there who contribute individually and collectively to the achievement of the objectives. company objectives. The terms "human resource management" and "human resources" (HR) have largely replaced the term "personnel management" to describe the processes involved in managing people in organizations. Human resources management is evolving rapidly. Human resource management is both an academic theory and a business practice that addresses the theoretical and practical techniques of managing a workforce. (1) Human resource management has its roots in the late and early 1900s. When workers' jobs became less labor intensive and more machine-based. The scientific management movement began. This movement was started by Frederick Taylor when he wrote a book about it called The Principles of Scientific Management. The book stated: “The primary objective of management should be to ensure maximum prosperity for the employer, coupled with maximum prosperity for each employee. » (2) Taylor believed that management should use the techniques used by scientists to research and test work. skills to improve workforce efficiency. Around the same time, the industrial welfare movement also emerged. This was generally a voluntary effort by employers to improve conditions in their factories. The effort has also extended to employees' lives outside of the workplace. The employer would try to provide employees with assistance in purchasing a home, medical care, or educational assistance. The human relations movement is the major influence on modern human resource management. The movement focused on how employees behave in groups and how they feel. This movement was influenced by the Hawthorne studies and the belief that employees worked best in a social system. In the late 1800s, people issues were a very real concern in the workplace. For the average worker, most jobs were poorly paid, monotonous, and dangerous. Some industries have had difficulty recruiting and retaining employees due to the poor working conditions they were exposed to. As the means of production continued to shift from farmlands and guilds to urban factories, concerns grew over wages, safety, child labor, and the 12-hour workday. Workers began to form unions to protect their interests and improve their standard of living. The government intervened to guarantee basic rights and protections for workers.