Index informationOver the centuries, writing technologies have constantly modified the reading and writing processes. With each new technological advancement, humanity has continually adapted to the reading and writing skills needed for these innovations. The shift from handwriting to print has radically changed reading and writing processes, but we now face a new technological era: the world of cyberculture continues to expand. For students, these advances in literary technologies have radically changed the way we think about reading and writing. A large part of a student's life is spent researching and obtaining data. In the past, this meant that most students had to spend endless hours searching and reading texts in libraries in order to find the appropriate material to use for their research. Today, university libraries' online indexes and databases give students the ability to instantly find thousands of supplementary texts in just a few minutes, all from the comfort of their own home. Eastern Michigan Libraries' online databases offer large quantities of academic articles, essays, and journals ranging from African American literature to zoology. The forefront of this practical technology has radically changed students' reading and writing habits as well as research project methods. Literary critic Sven Birkerts comments on this new shift in literary techniques in an article titled “Into the Electronic Millennium.” Print is part of a vestigial order from which we are now moving away – by choice and by societal constraint. I'm not just talking about disgruntled academics. This change occurs through the middle of the paper......the reading and writing process is easier and more efficient. Works Cited: Baron, Dennis. “From pencils to pixels: stages of literacy technologies. » Tribble and Trubek 35-53 Birkerts, Sven. “In the electronic millennium” Tribble and Trubek 62-74Brown, John & Duguid, Paul. “The Social Life of Documents” Tribble and Trubek 104-123 Hirsch, ED “You can always look it up…or can you? Tribble and Trubek 183-191Johnson, Steven “Links” Tribble and Trubek 195-213Landow, George. “Twenty minutes into the future, or how do we move beyond the book?” Tribble and Trubek 214-226Sosnoski, James. “Hyperreaders and their reading engines” Tribble and Trubek 400-419Tribble, Evelyn and Trubek, Anne, ed. Writing Materials: Readings from Plato in the Digital Age.Addison Wesley Longman, Inc., 2003