Ulrich shows a progression of change in the way women's sexuality was viewed in New England. First, it begins with a society that depended on “external rather than internal controls” and in which many New Englanders responded more with shame than guilt (Ulrich 96). Courts were used to punish sexual misconduct such as adultery with fines, lashes, and sometimes even death. There were certain behaviors that "respectable" women were expected to adopt and "sexual misbehavior" led to a serious decline in a woman's reputation, even if just one neighbor called her names such as whore or whore (Ulrich 97-98). Because the love between a man and his wife was compared to the bond between Christ and the Church, female modesty was an important ideal. “Within marriage, sexual attraction favored the spouse; outside of marriage it led to heinous sins” (Ulrich 108). This modesty was to be respected even as death approached, as shown in the example of Mary Mansfield in 1681. Ulrich describes Mary as having five neck gaiters tucked into her bosom and eleven bonnets covering her hair. “A good wife should be physically attractive…but she should not expose her beauty to all eyes.” Therefore, even when she died, Mary had to hide her sexuality and beauty. However, at the end of the 17th century and throughout the