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Essay / Platonic Paradox - 1721
To research Plato's paradox in the Meno, we can first look at the definition of what Platonism is. Websters defines Platonism as "real things are copies of transcendent ideas and these ideas are the objects of true knowledge apprehended by reminiscence." For this essay, we will assume that transcendence is “that which passes understanding” and reminiscence as “past experience.” The Meno is a dialogue between Socrates, a scholar, and Meno, who eventually became an explorer. For this essay, however, we will assume that Meno is, at the time of the dialogue, an upper-class citizen of average to above-average intelligence and superior stubbornness. According to GMA Grube's translation, the article takes place around 402 BC in Athens, Greece. Towards the end of the text, a third character, Anytus, a politician, who will ultimately be an accuser of Socrates, joins the dialogue. In the text, Meno, while trying to define virtue, accidentally stumbles into a paradoxical or contradictory statement, which Socrates immediately refutes. The purpose of this article is to recognize the paradox and examine how Socrates refutes the paradox through arguments and evidence. Socrates also raises a key distinction between true opinion and knowledge, relating to paradox, which will also be examined. Socrates then gives the basis for a further argument regarding the paradox, and why he does so will also be examined. The initial debate takes place when Socrates challenges Meno to define virtue. Meno does not realize here what he has started. Meno once questioned whether virtue is a quality that can be taught or whether it is a natural trait that men are born with. Socrates, in his usual method, twists the question and asks it again to Meno to see if Meno can do it. responds to everything on its own. Meno lists what he considers to be virtuous qualities and is satisfied with this simple definition. Socrates then said: “It seems that I am lucky, Meno, while I was looking for a virtue, I found that you have quite a series of them. » Meno's frustration begins to set in. He attempts a theatrical metaphor to define virtue, as well as regarding physical philosophy and philosophers such as Empedocles. Meno gives up at this point and entrusts philosophy to Socrates. Socrates presents Meno with a paradox: "...He cannot seek what (a debater) knows - since he knows it, there is no need to seek - nor what he does not know, because he doesn't know what to look for..