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Essay / Recidivism Essay - 1063
Report NameIntroduction:Recidivism/recidivism is the repetition of criminal activity, and it is determined by the return to prison of a prisoner released from prison for a new offense. Recidivism rates indicate how many released inmates have been rehabilitated and the severity of punishments outside of prison. An estimated 67.5% of prisoners released in 1994 were rearrested within three years, an increase from 62.5% found for those released in 1983 (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2014). High rates of recidivism result in enormous public safety costs, and high rates of recidivism could result in disastrous social costs for communities and the offenders themselves, as well as their families. Therefore, harsh sanctions in order to reduce recidivism are necessary, just as the education of prisoners is also crucial. The idea of general crimes is that the harsher the law, the fewer criminals there are temporarily in the country. Performing a Pearson χ2 test on security level and detention conditions data provided by the U.S. Department of Justice, the results, shown in Table 1, suggest that harsher detention conditions do not reduce behavior criminal after release, and can even increase it. (截图!!). This may be due to the minds of repeat criminals becoming more hostile in the face of harsh punishment. However, the database to perform this experiment is too small, so the result of increased recidivism may not be accurate in the long term. A sophisticated analysis by Shepherd (2002) clearly shows that harsher sanctions do reduce recidivism, but only to a small extent. An additional approach is therefore needed to introduce harsher sanctions in order to reduce recidivism. Some may say that... middle of article ......stice Statistics, 2014 http://www.bjs.gov/content/reentry/recidivism.cfmCaroline Wolf Harlow, “Special Report, Education and Correctional Populations,” Bureau of Justice Statistics, January 2003, http://www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/ecp.pdf Heather Mac Donald, “How to Straighten Out Ex‐Cons,” City Journal, Spring 2003, Flight. 13, no. 2, p. 24-37. Morgan Jacobsen, March 24, 2014. Inmates participate in unique educational program http://www.ksl.com/?nid=148&sid=29196698#FckQufotaI5Kf8Rk.99 Stephen Steurer, Linda Smith, and Alice Tracy, “The Three State Recidivism Study ”, Maryland Department of Public Safety and Corrections, www.dpscs.state.md.us/doc/pdfs/two‐state‐recidivism‐studysummary.pdf.Zimring, Frankline E., Gordon Hawkins, and Sam Kamin. 2001. Punishment and Democracy: Three Strikes and You're Out in California. Oxford: Oxford University Press.