Intelligence can be defined in different ways. This concept has been the subject of numerous studies and investigations by psychologists and other scientific experts. Intelligence can be the mental ability to reason, plan, understand a wide range of complex problems, and learn from past experiences (Gottfredson, 1997). Intelligence is the “result of the process of acquiring, storing in memory, retrieving, combining, comparing and using in new contexts information and conceptual skills” (Humphreys, 1979). Intelligence is typically measured using a number of quantitative scales and scales. measures, such as the Intelligence Quotient (IQ), developed by Alfred Binet in the early 20th century to identify French children who needed more attention from their educators. The use of IQ tests has gradually spread to all parts of the world. The use of these tests has raised controversy among psychologists and educators, with proponents of IQ testing assuming that these tests produce a measure of genetically transmitted intelligence. On the other hand, critics of the tests have pointed out that the IQ test provides a measure that defines intelligence through the use of deterministic cultural concepts. The ethnocentrism embedded in the assumptions of many commentators has given rise to the justification of a number of theoretical approaches, such as those of Charles Murray and others (http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/ hi/health/850358. stm).The dichotomy between the idea that intelligence levels are affected by situational factors and the idea that intelligence is transmitted genetically has dominated psychological debates about IQ over the years. decades. Statements made by many commentators that intelligence depends on genetic factors have been...... middle of article...... c factors, but upbringing, parental supervision and other situational and environmental factors.BIBLIOGRAPHYOttfredson, LS (1997) "Foreword to "Intelligence and Social Policy". Intelligence Volume 24 (number 1): pp. 1–12. Humphreys, LG (1979). "The construction of general intelligence". Intelligence. Volume 3 (number 2): pp. 105-120. Marshall, G. (1994) (ed.), The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Sociology (Oxford: Oxford University Press. Safer, MA (1980). Attributing evil to the subject, not the situation: students' reaction to Milgram's film on obedience. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 6, 205-209. Sutherland, E. H. (1947) Principles of Criminology Chicago. JB Lippincott (4th edition).Zimbardo, PG (1999) The Psychology of Evilhttp://www.sonoma.edu/users/g/goodman/zimbardo.htm.