The treaty was received negatively in America, so much so that it was never ratified. France was happy with the money it received from Germany and the fact that the Rhine was demilitarized, but France was still unhappy that its industries had been destroyed and Germany was relatively unscathed. Britain had a generally satisfied reaction to the treaty. The war was over and Germany was punished, although there was a consensus that Germany should have been punished more severely. Germany was clearly not happy with the treaty. They lost much of their land, industry and population. Furthermore, Germany had been humiliated because of Article 31 and was massively in debt because of Article 235. The resulting discontent on both sides of the treaty explained that the Treaty of Versailles was essentially a failure. The League of Nations did not last and World War II was about to break out.