Imagine being confined in a cold cage, shivering, isolated and deprived of the outside world you once lived in; suddenly realizing that your life is now in the palms of a tall human in a white coat. Each year in the United States, more than 25 million animals participate in biomedical experiments, product and cosmetic testing, and science education (Neavs). With countless alternatives effective, reliable and beneficial to the human species for which the drug is intended, the question arises as to why we continue to lose millions of innocent animal lives. Not to mention being involuntarily imprisoned and treated inhumanely, animal testing not only costs innocent lives, but delays discoveries in medical research and results in debts of up to millions of dollars. One of the most important and frequently mentioned counter-arguments claims that animals being experimented on do not feel pain. , the tests are therefore justified as humane. As an article in People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals states: "In addition to the actual pain of the experiments, an honest view of the situation of animals in laboratories should take into account the totality of the suffering imposed on them, including understood the stress of life. capture, transport and handling; housing in confined and unnatural conditions; the deprivation that constitutes standard breeding procedures; and the physical and psychological stress experienced by animals used for reproduction, who undergo cycles of fertilization only to have their young taken from them, sometimes immediately at birth” (Peta). Since it is impossible to measure exactly how much pain animals experience during procedures, it is fairly easy to conclude that a combination of fear, stress, and physical and emotional trauma can...... middle of document. .....organization, structure and function of human organs and systems. These chips could be used to replace animals in disease research, drugs and toxicity testing. They have been shown to closely replicate human physiology, disease and drug reactions, more accurately and reliably than animal testing (Peta). Additionally, cruelty-free products are kinder to the environment. Toxicity testing contributes greatly to increasing global waste. Researchers breed, experiment on and dispose of millions of animal subjects as hazardous waste that slowly adds to our damaged environment (Neavs). In conclusion, there are many alternatives to animal testing that could improve scientific research with more efficient, reliable and precise techniques, and create a faster path to revolutionary new discoveries while saving money and lives of innocent animals in the process.