After the overthrow of the Tsarist regime in 1917, Russia experienced even greater discontent as its people waged revolution and civil war (Modern World History: Russia 1905- 41). Following these events, Russia became the first communist state in the world. The Bolsheviks had become the ruling party after taking over the provisional government in the November Revolution of 1917. Vladimir Lenin was the leader of this party. There was a bitter civil war between the communists, the reds, and the opposition, the whites. Finally, the Bolsheviks defeated their enemies in the Russian Civil War which lasted 3 years and ended in 1920. When the Bolsheviks took power after winning the civil war, they had complete control over Russia (History of the modern world: civil war 1918-21). ). Russia was still at war with Germany. They had decided to continue the war (Modern World History: Russia 1905-41). Subsequently, Russian armies collapsed due to poor leadership, insufficient supplies, and political progress rather than losing on the actual battlefield (Modern World History: Russia 1905-41). As a result of its desire to win the war, Russia as a whole suffered greatly. People had no food to eat as most of it was destined for the army. There were social problems when peasants demanded land in the countryside and murdered landowners who refused to give it up. This is how, after the rise of revolutionary groups, the Bolsheviks took their place by force in the government. The Bolshevik Party, also known as the Communist Party, had complete control over Russia's economic situation. Once in power, the Bolsheviks promised “peace, bread and land” (Modern World History: Bolshevik Reign). Most of their support came from... middle of document...... The reason was that if the peasants had money as profit from their products, then the industry would pick up because their income was spent to purchase manufactured goods. Bukharin became one of Lenin's closest colleagues. The economic results of the NEP were most beneficial for Russia. The acceptance of the new economic policy by the Bolsheviks proved to be a well-calculated and advantageous decision. Production rates have increased and increased over the years of the NEP's existence (see index: Table 5.3). There was a recovery and that was what was needed. In reality, Lenin's statement that the Bolsheviks still had control of the economy turned out to be essentially true. The NEP still produced an economic balance. Russian industry was cultivated by the party, but agriculture and trade were managed by the private sector (see Figure 5.5 and Table). 5.4).