-
Essay / The European Union - 1723
IntroductionIssues facing the sovereignty or unity of the European Union?ExpansionThe European Union?EU members listed in order of membership:Official languages of the EUThe EU government structureHistory, how and why?Opinions against the EUIn conclusionIntroductionWith Europe made up of more than 30 countries and even more distinct cultures, it is now trying to adapt to new economic systems around the world. Today, with the trend towards large trading blocs like NAFTA or GNATT, Europe is trying to advance its former trading bloc called the European Economic Community (EEC) to become the European Union. The current 15 member countries are governed by a single European Parliament. Under the EU, each country will be subject to a single currency called the Euro-dollar (which will come into effect on January 1, 1999), a single central banking system and will be regulated by the same set of laws. Indeed, the EU countries will end up becoming one. The path to a unified Europe is not easy; problems caused by countries unwilling to give up their sovereignty and by countries afraid of the new Union continually slow its progress. Problems of sovereignty or unity of the European Union? This raises numerous conflicts with the Europeans. For thousands of years, Europe has been repeatedly torn apart by wars largely fueled by ethnic or religious differences. But today, Europeans are being asked to put aside their differences and become one. While nationalism remains strong across Europe, many people are staunchly opposed to the EU. Analysts, however, strongly suggest that the EU is the only way for Europe to improve its economy. In most countries in Europe, unemployment exceeds 10 percent and countries like Germany and France are suffering net investment outflows. European economies are crumbling under the weight of rigid regulations, high labor costs, high taxes and generous social services that have become too costly to maintain. Meanwhile, worker protests are growing, companies are cutting costs and governments are trying to reduce budget deficits. Expansion The EU poses another major problem for Europe and the rest of the world: the expansion of the Union. Former Warsaw Pact countries are keen to join the European Union, but Russia is opposed due to xenophobic fears. This poses a new question for the world; Are the satellite countries of the former Soviet Union true sovereign states or are they still puppet states controlled by Russia? Today, the view is divided: the Europeans, who are ready to accept the Warsaw Pact states into NATO and the EU provided they meet the requirements; And the United States.