CompilerCompiler, in computing, computer program which translates the source code, the instructions of a program written by a software engineer, into object code, these same instructions written in a central processing unit language processing (CPU) of the computer. knows how to read and interpret. Software engineers write source code using high-level programming languages ​​that people can understand. Computers cannot execute source code directly, but need a compiler to translate these instructions into a low-level language called machine code. Compiler: How it Works Compilers collect and rearrange (compile) all the instructions in a given set of source code to produce object code. Object code is often the same or similar to a computer's machine code. If the object code is the same as the machine language, the computer can run the program immediately after the compiler produces its translation. If the object code is not in machine language, other programs, such as assemblers, binders, linkers, and loaders, complete the translation. Most programming languages, such as C, C++, and Fortran, use compilers, but some, such as BASIC. and LISP: use interpreters. An interpreter parses and executes each line of source code one by one. Interpreters produce initial results more quickly than compilers, but the source code must be reinterpreted for each use and interpreted languages ​​are generally not as sophisticated as compiled languages. Most computer languages ​​use different versions of compilers for different types of computers or operating systems; thus, a language may have different compilers for personal computers (PCs) and Apple Macintosh computers. Many different manufacturers often produce versions of the same programming language, so compilers for a language can vary from one manufacturer to another. Consumer software is compiled and translated into machine language before being sold. Some manufacturers provide the source code, but usually only programmers find the source code useful. Thus, commercially purchased programs can be run, but usually their source code cannot be read or modified. At runtime (running), the compiler first parses (or parses) all the language instructions syntactically one after the other, and then, in one or more successive steps or "passes", constructs the exit code, ensuring that instructions that reference other instructions are referenced...... middle of paper ...... sequence comparison methods. GAMS -- a built-in system level modeling for mathematical programming problems.DISGCL -- an interpretation language based on the DISLIN plotting library.Glish (within the AIPS++ system) -- a language/environment for data acquisition/analysis .Isaac -- scientific calculator and programming language.MAX -- Xbase compiler with built-in database engine.MetaCard -- a multimedia authoring tool and GUI development environment.MSDL -- a computer description language scene for graphics research.Nickle -- a desktop calculator language with powerful programming and scripting capabilities.PerlDL -- transforms Perl into a table-oriented numeric language.ProvideX -- a basic object-oriented business development environment. RLaB -- interactive matrix-oriented programming environment.S-Lang -- an interpreted language could be integrated into an extensible application.Soar -- a cognitive architecture framework and models,.