Female genital mutilation (FGM) is an ancient, traditional, non-therapeutic surgical procedure that involves the total or partial removal of the external parts of the female genital organs. This article aimed to define and classify FGM, identify the prevalence, describe the reasons for the practice and focus on the problems associated with this practice with respect to women's health, religious beliefs and socio-cultural consequences, behavioral and moral. Research and investigative reports indicating that global steps have been taken to reduce or abolish the prevalence of this practice will be assessed.IntroductionFemale genital mutilation (also known as female circumcision) involves cutting off the hood of the female clitoris and remove the clitoris. Following the excision of a female genital organ, there are many short- and long-term health problems and even death due to some complicated infections. The reasons for practicing female genital mutilation are linked to socio-cultural beliefs, attitudes, values ​​and customs, girls' transition to womanhood, tradition and cultural heritage, and fear of not having access to resources. and opportunities as a young woman, the perception of reducing women's sexual desire; therefore, will maintain premarital virginity and maintain marital fidelity. Measures have been taken at the international, national and regional levels for many years and have started to bear fruit, but this practice is still current in many countries around the world and is very widespread in Africa. Pursue and motivate further reduction in societal attitude change towards female genital mutilation in countries where the prevalence has remained stable, which is why it is... middle of paper ..... . Clinical evidence. " Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 287.6 (2013): 1137-1149. Academic Search Premier. October 5, 2013. 6 Rouzi, A. (2013), Facts and controversies on female genital mutilation and Islam, 18. , 10-14.7. Skaine, R. (2005). Female Genital Mutilation: Legal, Cultural and Medical Issues. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. 8. Female Genital Mutilation: Statistical Overview and Exploring the Dynamics of Change. International Children's Emergency, New York.9. WHO, UNICEF and UNFPA (2011), Female Genital Mutilation: A joint Statement, World Health Organization, pp. 1-5.10. ).Female genital mutilation: prevalence, perceptions and effect on women's health. International Journal of Women's Health., 4, 45-54.