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  • Essay / Disparities in Sentencing: The Role of Race and Gender

    (1997). Gender, race and sentencing. Crime and Justice, 22, 201. Hessick, C. (2010). Race and gender as explicit factors in sentencing. Journal Of Gender, Race & Justice, 14(1), 127-142. Markowitz, M. W. (2000). The Black and White System exploring the links between race, crime and justice. Westport, CT: Praeger. Michels, S., Netter, S., Marquez, L., & Ghebremedhin, S. (April 14, 2009). Why do some women kill? ABC News. Retrieved October 19, 2014 from http://abcnews.go.com/US/story?id=7326555Spohn, C. (2013). THE EFFECTS OF OFFENDER RACE, ETHNICITY, AND OUTCOMES OF FEDERAL GENDER SENTENCING IN THE GUIDELINES ERA. Law & Contemporary Problems, 76(1), 75-104. Wang, X., Mears, D.P., Spohn, C., and Dario, L. (2013). Assessing the differential effects of race and ethnicity on sentencing outcomes in different sentencing systems. Crime and delinquency, 59(1), 87-114.