General Information on UreaseUrease is an enzyme found abundantly in organisms such as plants, fungi, bacteria, invertebrates, and is also present in soil . Its function is to convert urea, an organic compound, into ammonia and carbon dioxide. In animals, urea is excreted as a waste product through the metabolism of nitrogen-containing substances; urease is therefore not necessary in animals. For organisms such as plants, fungi, bacteria, etc., urea serves as a source of nitrogen, which is essential for normal growth. Urease is abundantly present in these organisms to facilitate this conversion. Structure, function and applications of urease in various fields Structure: Urease is a trimer composed of 3 subunits, α, β and γ. Each of these units (αβγ) is further composed of four structural domains, two for the α subunit and one for each of the β and γ subunits; each unit is arranged in a T shape and has dimensions of 75 x 80 x 80 Å. These subunits are also arranged in a triangle consisting of three of these αβγ-trimers denoted αβγ, α'β'γ' and α"β"γ", and this final molecule has the dimensions of 120 Å. These subunits units form important hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions between them that stabilize the molecule. Each part of the triangular molecule is composed of specific components of the trimer; the sides are made up of α, α' and α" subunits containing 570 residues. of each, the vertices are composed of the subunits β, β' and β" containing 121 residues of each. Residues γ, γ' and γ" are smaller residues and are tightly packed on one side of the triangle, containing 100 residue each. The active site of the enzyme is present in the α, α' and α" subunits contained in the αβ-barrels, which...... middle of paper ......nium emitted by other processes as urease activity. Discussion: This particular enzyme test in question uses the optimal techniques/materials in order to obtain the highest accuracy in the analysis process. As urease is a soil enzyme and actively participates. to the degradation of urea, the release of its products, ammonia and carbon dioxide, are direct indicators of its concentration and activity in the soil. In this experiment, the release of ammonia is used as. Other components used play an essential role in controlling the conditions of the experiment, such as THAM buffer, and in limiting microbial activity, thanks to toluene. The control experiment is crucial because it eliminates. adding the ammonia content released from other sources into the soil into the final reading, thus providing accurate data..