established social hierarchy. “The class which has the means of material production at its disposal controls at the same time the means of mental production, so that, generally speaking, the ideas of those who lack the means of mental production are subject to them” (1). The Marxist model of “mass manipulation” also proposed the idea that the media orchestrates moral panics in order to legitimize the introduction of stricter social control measures. Marxist theorists therefore believed that the media misinformed the public with middle of paper ......ondon: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Tierney, J. (1996), Criminology Theory and Context, London: PrenticeHall .Williams, K (1997), Textbook on criminology, 3rd ed., London: Blackstone Press. Young, Jock (1974), “Mass Media, Drugs and Deviance”, in Paul Rock and Mary McIntosh (eds.), Deviance and Social Control, London: Tavistock.------------- ------------------------------ ------------------- -----[1] Marx and Engels: The German Ideology, cited in Curran et al. (1982: 22).[2] Soothill and Walby, 1991: 72.[3] Schlesinger and Tumber 1994: 234-40.[4] Chibnall, 1977: 102[5] Box, 1981: in Katherine. S Williams, 1997: 51[6] Smith, 1984: 289.[7] Katherine S. Williams, 1997: 53.[8] Gerbner, 1994: 133[9] Cohen: Popular Devils and Moral Panics: 1972.[10] Young 1974: 72.

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