People who have suffered traumatic life experiences go through a wide range of emotions throughout their lives and the majority of these emotions are deleterious for the mental and physical health of the person. . More specifically, these individuals go through fear by reliving their traumatic life experience or sadness through the process of victimization that they are likely to experience. Emotions have four main components: feelings, bodily arousal, sense of purpose, and social expression. Recognizing these negative emotions will help alleviate research participants' aversive symptoms for the treatment of their trauma spectrum disorder. Fear and sadness can have both positive and negative consequences and managing these emotions is a difficult but worthwhile endeavor. The four basic components of fear and sadness include feelings, bodily arousal, sense of purpose, and social expression components. Bodily arousal includes biological aspects such as neural circuits and hormonal responses to situations provoking fear and sadness. The brain's amygdala and prefrontal cortex strongly influence fear processing, and people with damage to these areas of the brain displayed marginal or absent fear responses. Specifically, the fear neural pathway proceeds through the lateral amygdala, to the central core of the amygdala, and then to areas of the brain that process and control defensive behavior via autonomic and endocrine responses. Colloquially called the fight or flight response, this allows a person to engage in direct action to stop the fear-inducing agent or to move away from the agent. The sympathetic branch of the autonomic system becomes active during these situations by provoking...... middle of an article ...... about it, or by asking experienced swimmers about it. Simply learning about the situation that arouses the emotion can sometimes lessen the severity of the emotional response. In summary, a person can overcome their aversive situation by using breathing techniques or by reshaping their perception of the situation with information learned about it. People who experience traumatic life events experience a wide spectrum of emotions, including fear and sadness. Although these two emotions are generally considered aversive, they can also provide benefits to the person, such as learning new coping methods for future success or increased creativity. Overall, there are four main components of fear and sadness, and if a person understands these components, it is possible for them to more appropriately engage in corrective actions when confronted with situations scary or sad..