Participants reported an average of 6.8 hours of sleep (SD = 2.0). 28 participants (15%) reported sleeping 5 hours or less. The researchers coded the participants as having limited sleep. The remaining 165 participants (85%) were used as the reference group (Frendal et al., 2014). The news event was ranked first, participants in the sleep-restricted group were significantly more likely than participants in the reference group to report having seen the video (54% vs. 33%), χ2(1, N = 193) = 4.2, p = 0.04, ϕc = 0.15. However, results indicated that the groups did not differ when asked questions during the follow-up interview. 21% of the restricted sleep group and 20% of the reference group reported seeing the video, χ2(1, N = 193) = 0.03, p = 0.86. Therefore, restricted sleep was associated with initial false reporting on the questionnaire, but not with false reporting at the follow-up interview. The researchers compared the two groups' correct answers in the surveys as well as the amount of misinformation. There were no significant results. Between the two groups, there was only a 10% difference in whether they internalized disinformative narratives as something they saw, making this an insignificant result (Frendal et al..,