Different researchers have different things to say about how these phobias form. You could spend hours searching for articles that each explain how phobias form differently. According to LeBeau in 2010, one could use the principles of learning to understand where they come from. (Licht, Hull, Ballantyne 555). Classical conditioning can be used to see how fear was acquired, through stimulus pairing. Operant conditioning would help maintain the phobia, negative reinforcement such as avoidance makes the behavior more likely to occur (Licht, Hull, Ballantyne 555). For example, patients suffering from arachnophobia, the fear of spiders, may have their fears activated by seeing a spider or learning of its presence (Peperkorn, Alpers, Mühlberger 704). For certain traumas, this is the root of the evil, it is what we call an indirect acquisition (Patterson 58-62), for example for someone who suffers from cynophobia, the fear of dogs would come from an experience traumatic such as being chased as a small child. What some scientists are trying to understand is why only some people who have suffered the same trauma develop a phobia while others do not (Hall 12). Another theory is information transmission, which is when a person learns about a frightening event through the media or someone they know (Patterson 58-62). Different causes come with different types of phobias. There are three defined types: agoraphobia, specific or simple phobias, and social phobias (Patterson 58-62). According to the Canadian Psychological Association, they classify phobias into types, four to be exact. These are: animal, natural environment, blood injury, and situation (Patterson 58-62). Animal type occurs when an individual is afraid of a specific animal or insect, such as dogs and cats. The natural environment is when we fear natural forces, things like storm, water