-
Essay / Responsibility and Control - 900
It is important for us humans to know that we must take full responsibility for our actions and maturely deal with any consequences that these actions may bring. According to Ryon and Gleason (2013), “the first conceptualization of control was developed in 1966 by Rotter,” what is currently referred to as locus of control. Rotter defined locus of control as “the degree to which an individual expects that there is a contingent relationship between their behaviors and their outcomes” (Ryon and Gleason, 2013). Fournier and Jeanrie refer to Rotter's study in explaining the two types of locus of control: “external control” and “internal control” (cited in Rotter, 1966, p. 1). The goal of Rotter's theory was to examine “what causes reinforcement,” whether it is an intrinsic or extrinsic factor (Kormanik and Rocco, 2009). Rotter measured “people's general expectations of control” using what is called the “internal-external locus of control scale” (Fournier and Jeanrie, 2003). As stated in the article written by Kormanik and Rocco, "Rotter provided a grounded theory of locus of control in a discussion of generalized expectations of internal versus external control of reinforcement" (cited in Rotter, 1966). Internal control of reinforcement refers to any person's ability to be rewarded through their “own behavior” or “own relatively permanent characteristics or traits” (Kormanik and Rocco, 2009). While internal control of reinforcement depends on each person and situation, external control of reinforcement refers to "factors beyond one's control" such as "luck, chance, [or] fate" ( Kormanik and Rocco, 2009). Through the use of a scale called the “Internal-External Locus of Control Scale,” Rotter was able to... middle of paper ... events occurring in my life. With this in mind, I am aware that each of my actions has a possible consequence for which I must always be prepared and take full responsibility for the decisions I have previously made. Works cited Fournier, G., & Jeanrie, C. (2003). Place of control: back to basics. Positive psychological assessment: A handbook of models and measures, 139-154. Kormanik, MB and Rocco, TS (2009). Internal versus external control of reinforcement: An examination of the concept of locus of control. Human Resource Development Review, 8(4) 463-483.Rotter, J.B. (1966). Generalized expectations of internal versus external control of reinforcement. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 80(1), 1-28. Ryon, HS and Gleason, MEJ (2013). The role of locus of control in daily life. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin.