Music appreciation is linked to the ability to process its underlying structure, that is, the ability to predict what will happen next in the song (whether these predictions concern the melody or the chords). will progress and resolve, a drum beat will repeat, a verse will lead into the chorus, and so on); however, the structure must involve a certain level of unexpectedness, otherwise it becomes monotonous and devoid of emotion. Controlling when these expectations are or are not met is how skilled composers are able to manipulate the emotion felt by the listener in different ways to achieve the effect of a moving song. Although music appears similar to the characteristics of language, it is more rooted in primitive brain structures involved in motivation, reward, and emotion. The brain will synchronize the neural oscillators with the pulse of the music via activation of the cerebellum and predict when the next loud beat will occur. Expecting elements of the song that follow this timing (or even elements that intentionally fall outside of the rigid structure or change the structure entirely) creates anticipation, which results in a reward response when that anticipation is satisfied. The response elicited by the brain may also depend on the type or genre of music a person is subjected to; In one study, computer algorithms were used to identify specific aspects of music, which researchers were able to associate with specific activated brain areas (observed by fMRI). Their results demonstrated that vocal and instrumental music are processed differently: while both hemispheres of the brain attend to musical features, the presence of lyrics shifts the processing of musical features to the left auditory cortex, suggesting that the brain