Muslim Destinations. 1 “Labor shortages occurred in the southern Iran and Persian Gulf region during the 18th and 19th centuries, leading to new demands for imported labor to work in the cooking pots of the Gulf, in coastal villages and in local militias. The East African slave trade provided a temporary labor force until the First World War. »2 It is remarkable to see the combination of several forms of slavery and forced labor in the labor market.3 Economic change and the growing demand for slaves from East Africa had several impacts in the areas supply and reception. Large numbers of pawned and enslaved workers in Africa saw their conditions change and were exported from their homes. On the other hand, a "new understanding" of slavery took place in Muslim "states", in which slavery was reshaped according to their religious interpretations in order to retain it as a legal practice. Despite increasing slave exports to the Middle East, Zanzibar Island remained the primary slavery destination for most slaves. The 60 percent of the slaves were absorbed by the plantations of Zanzibar and Pemba.4 This expansion took place when the Omani Emirate of Zanzibar “imported” to Zanzibar and Pemba the plantation complex of Reunion and Mauritius.5 The Sultan of Zanzibar Seyyid Sa'id began a spectacular development of plantations in Zanzibar and Pemba after 1820, apparently inspired by the French. The African Emirate's plantations were devoted to growing cloves for export to the Indian market. This market grew remarkably, as imports of slaves from the continent increased, so the Swahili coast and Mozambique were involved in a constant export of slaves6, and their coasts were visited by ships belonging to local merchants. of paper... slavery than before. »25 Furthermore, slave exports to the Persian Gulf also remained stable, with small slave-carrying dhows crossing the Indian Ocean avoiding the Royal Navy during the 19th century.26 It is therefore clear that the diplomatic initiative was more symbolic than real and that the slave trade remained healthy in the Indian Ocean. A large number of ports were hostile to the British presence, making the mission of controlling ships almost impossible for the Royal Navy. On the other hand, the space to be controlled was beyond the capabilities of any navy. Nonetheless, the British constantly pursued ships carrying "prohibited goods" while pressuring leaders to end slavery as a means of production. Despite all these attempts, the slave trade continued until the official British occupation of Zanzibar and much of the East African coast.,