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Essay / Traffic Calming Methods - 1130
Traffic calming measures are quite common in modern society. Traffic calming measures are physical design techniques that encourage or require motorists to drive slowly and at a constant speed. They prevent speeding and can increase overall road safety. Traffic calming can also make streets more accessible and livable for other users such as pedestrians, cyclists and nearby residents. The main goal of traffic calming measures is to reduce speeds and create a safer traffic environment. Traffic crashes are a type of measures frequently used to reduce speed in residential areas. Traffic calming measures should be tailored to the specific conditions of each location, but in principle only one speed bump design is necessary. This design should allow comfortable crossing at a speed below 15-20 km/h, but as soon as the speed increases, it should be more uncomfortable to go over road bumps. The ideal road bump design would require drivers to keep their speed below 25 km/h at least when driving over road bumps. Figure 1.1 describes approximately how road bumps influence passing speed. The design of road bumps influences the felt ride comfort and, therefore, the driver's speed. If a road accident is designed in such a way that driving discomfort does not increase much as speed increases, the driver sees no reason to slow down before driving through a road accident. In many cases, drivers estimate the inconvenience of crossing in relation to the reduction in travel time. Drivers are willing to experience more discomfort if it reduces their travel time, at least to some extent. Road obstacles are installed in different environments, on streets with different characteristics. Car parking, interaction with vulnerable road users and other elements that make up the character of the...... middle of paper ......on entire streets, layout or speed bump spacing. Previous research from several countries suggests that to achieve overall speeds of 25 to 30 km/h, speed bumps should be placed between 40 and 60 meters apart. Wider spacing, up to 100 meters, can be used for speeds of 50 km/h. Bump spacing may be increased through the provision of additional traffic calming measures.1.3.6. MATERIALS, MARKING AND SIGNAGE: - Speed bumps with all speed reduction measures must be highly visible to warn drivers to reduce speed and avoid damaging the vehicle or losing control. This essentially eliminates any possibility of legal liability on the part of the public highway authority. Most countries have developed special signs and markings for their pee facilities, and advance warnings, designed speed signs, contrasting materials and protective bollards are generally used..